APPENDIX

Appendix 2: Working Group Instructions

Session II-Working Group on "Problem Identification"
Wednesday afternoon 2.30 to 6pm

Each Working Group will select a Rapporteur to assist the Facilitator. Each Group may also select one or two people to assist the Facilitator in the logistics of running the Working Group.
Each of the four working groups will spend the afternoon to identify and discuss environmental issues related to water pollution and degradation of ecosystems as presented in the "Cluster Analysis". Gaps have to be identified and priorities have to be set to improve and amend the Cluster Analysis.
The Working Groups will be run in a participatory fashion. Input from all participants will be solicited in an open forum. Ideas will be written on small cards to be posted on the wall for summarization and documentation.

The facilitators will guide through the following steps:

1. Presentation by provincial governments (developmental priorities and environmental management in transboundary context)
2. Summary presentation of Cluster Analysis by Facilitator
3. Discussion of problems and issues as derived from the Cluster Analysis
In the Cluster Analysis the following issues were raised:
1. Degradation of wetlands2. Urbanisation impacts3. Tourism and its impact4. Mining industry5. Impact from paper industry6. Impacts from agriculture 7. Transport networks (road, rail and pipelines)8. Exploitation of forests9. Erosion and land degradation10. Forest fires11. Poaching and illegal trading

This discussion of problems should take into account:
Loss and modification of ecosystems with particular attention to wetlands, forest areas, coastal and marine areas, etc.
Pollution of water bodies with particular attention to rives, lakes and coastal zones affected by municipal, industrial, mining, etc. and discharges from diffuse sources of pollution (agricultural activities)
Fresh water shortage and changes to water regimes with particular attention to excessive water withdrawal (irrigation, industry, mining…), hydrological structures (dams), inappropriate land use (deforestation, inapropriate agricultural use)
Desertification and soil degradation (overgrazing, climate change,…)

To facilitate the presentation of results, the following matrix should be developed in taking into account mayor environmental issues:
Clusters Loss andmodification of ecosystems Pollution of water bodies Fresh watershortage and changes to water regimes Desertificationand soil degradation
1. Degradation of wetlands
2. Urbanization impacts
3. Tourism and its impact
4. Mining industry
5. Impact from paper industry
6. Impacts from agriculture
7. Transport networks (road, rail & pipelines)
8. Exploitation of forests
9. Erosion and land degradation
10.Forest fires
11. Poaching and illegal trading

4. Identification of missing issues and amendment of cluster analysis
In developing the above problem identification gaps will be identified and missing issues will be will be taken into account in reformulating the cluster analysis;
In this frame also opportunities (development potentials) could be identified to further reinforce sustainable management of ecosystems and water resources
5. Prioritization (scoping)
Listing of the problems cluster by cluster and voting for the major concerns
Taking into account transboundary impact and/or need for transboundary cooperation
6. Documentation of discussion and findings for
a) Presentation to plenary on Thursday pm, and
b) Handing over to TDA drafting team